解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::About 40% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have stage IV cancer at the time of diagnosis. The only viable treatment options for metastatic disease are systemic chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Nonetheless, chemoresistance remains a major cause of chemotherapy failure. New immunotherapeutic modalities...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba5542
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Nanometer-scale skyrmions are prospective candidates for information bits in low-power consumption devices owing to their topological nature and controllability with low current density. Studies on skyrmion dynamics in different classes of materials have exploited the topological Hall effect and current-driven fast mo...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz9744
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Protected areas (PAs) are essential to biodiversity conservation, but their static boundaries may undermine their potential for protecting species under climate change. We assessed how the climatic conditions within global terrestrial PAs may change over time. By 2070, protection is expected to decline in cold and war...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay0814
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a powerful immunosuppressant, but it is an ineffective stand-alone treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) due to poor target tissue distribution and renal toxicity. We hypothesized that CD71 (transferrin receptor 1)-directed delivery of CsA to the lymphatic system would improve SLE ou...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb3900
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::We introduce two photochromic proteins for cell-specific in vivo optoacoustic (OA) imaging with signal unmixing in the temporal domain. We show highly sensitive, multiplexed visualization of T lymphocytes, bacteria, and tumors in the mouse body and brain. We developed machine learning-based software for commercial ima...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz6293
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factors control gene expression in all life. This raises the question of what is the smallest protein that can support such activity. In nature, Cro from bacteriophage λ is one of the smallest known repressors (66 amino acids), and activators are typically much larger (e.g., λ cI, 237 amino acids). Previ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba2728
更新日期:2020-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Students from underrepresented groups start college with the same level of interest in STEM majors as their peers, but leave STEM at higher rates. We tested the hypothesis that low grades in general chemistry contribute to this "weeding," using records from 25,768 students. In the first course of a general chemistry s...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz5687
更新日期:2020-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Fungi have major, negative socioeconomic impacts, but control with bioactive agents is increasingly restricted, while resistance is growing. Here, we describe an alternative fungal control strategy via materials operating passively (i.e., no killing effect). We screened hundreds of (meth)acrylate polymers in high thro...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba6574
更新日期:2020-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) influence lung tumor development by inducing immunosuppression. Transcriptome analysis of TAMs isolated from human lung tumor tissues revealed an up-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings were reproduced in a newly developed in vitro "trained" TAM model. Pharmacolog...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz6105
更新日期:2020-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Although Al(III) hydrolysis, condensation, and nucleation play pivotal roles in the synthesis of Al-based compounds and determine their chemical behavior, we still lack experimental evidence regarding the chemistry of nucleation from solution. Here, by combining advanced titration assays, high-resolution transmission ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba6878
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Prosocial behavior is paradoxical because it often entails a cost to one's own welfare to benefit others. Theoretical models suggest that prosociality is driven by several forms of reciprocity. Although we know a great deal about how each of these forms operates in isolation, they are rarely isolated in the real world...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba0504
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Nanomaterials often surprise us with unexpected phenomena. Here, we report a discovery of the anti-twinning deformation, previously thought impossible, in nanoscale body-centered cubic (BCC) tungsten crystals. By conducting in situ transmission electron microscopy nanomechanical testing, we observed the nucleation and...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay2792
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection results in a spectrum of clinical and histopathologic manifestations. It has been proposed that the environmental and immune pressures associated with different contexts of infection have different consequences for the associated bacterial populations, affecting drug suscepti...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba4901
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Neural organoids provide a powerful tool for investigating neural development, modeling neural diseases, screening drugs, and developing cell-based therapies. Somatic cells have previously been reprogrammed by transcription factors (TFs) into sensory ganglion (SG) neurons but not SG organoids. We identify a combinatio...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz5858
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Preventative measures reduce injury incidence and/or severity, yet one-third of hospitalized patients with TBI die from secondary pathological processes that develop during supervised care. Neutrophils, which orchestrate innate immune responses,...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax8847
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Six percent of Americans, including 3 million high schoolers, use e-cigarettes, which contain potentially toxic substances, volatile organic compounds, and metals. We present the first human study on the effects of e-cigarette exposure in the oral cavity. By interrogating both immunoinflammatory responses and microbia...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz0108
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::In 2018-2019, New York City experienced the largest measles outbreak in the United States in nearly three decades. To identify key contributing factors, we modeled the transmission dynamics of this outbreak. Results indicate that delayed vaccination of 1- to 4-year-olds enabled the initial spread and that increased in...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz4037
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial chemotaxis-a fundamental example of directional navigation in the living world-is key to many biological processes, including the spreading of bacterial infections. Many bacterial species were recently reported to exhibit several distinct swimming modes-the flagella may, for example, push the cell body or wr...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz6153
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing occurrence of moderate to severe intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is seriously affecting the quality of human life. The aim of the study was to establish IUA models in nonhuman primates and to explore the dual repair effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (huMSCs) loaded on autocrosslinke...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba6357
更新日期:2020-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) form pores in cholesterol-rich membranes, but cholesterol alone is insufficient to explain their cell and host tropism. Here, we show that all eight major CDCs have high-affinity lectin activity that identifies glycans as candidate cellular receptors. Streptolysin O, vaginolysin...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz4926
更新日期:2020-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::SWI/SNF (switch/sucrose nonfermenting) complexes regulate transcription through chromatin remodeling and opposing gene silencing by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins. Genes encoding SWI/SNF components are critical for normal development and frequently mutated in human cancer. We characterized the in vivo contributions of ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay3823
更新日期:2020-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Goat domestication was critical for agriculture and civilization, but its underlying genetic changes and selection regimes remain unclear. Here, we analyze the genomes of worldwide domestic goats, wild caprid species, and historical remains, providing evidence of an ancient introgression event from a West Caucasian tu...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz5216
更新日期:2020-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy is extraordinarily effective in select patients with cancer. However, insufficient lymphocytic infiltration, weak T cell-induced inflammation, and immunosuppressive cell accumulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may greatly diminish the efficacy. Here, we re...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz9240
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The degradation of cadmium sulfide (CdS)-based oil paints is a phenomenon potentially threatening the iconic painting The Scream (ca. 1910) by Edvard Munch (Munch Museum, Oslo) that is still poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of cadmium sulfate and sulfites as alteration products of the orig...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay3514
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Altered cerebral glucose uptake is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A dynamic glucose-enhanced (DGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach was developed to simultaneously monitor d-glucose uptake and clearance in both brain parenchyma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We observed substantially higher...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba3884
更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Transcriptional status determines the HIV replicative state in infected patients. However, the transcriptional mechanisms for proviral replication control remain unclear. In this study, we show that, apart from its function in HIV integration, LEDGF/p75 differentially regulates HIV transcription in latency and provira...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz8411
更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Yearly, a quarter billion people are infected and a half a million killed by the mosquito-borne disease malaria. Lack of real-time observational tools for continuously assessing the unperturbed mosquito flight activity in situ limits progress toward improved vector control. We deployed a high-resolution entomological ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay5487
更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid commonly flows in response to an external pressure gradient. However, when a tunnel-containing hydrogel is immersed in water, spontaneous flow occurs through the tunnel without any pressure gradient. We confirmed this flow in a wide range of plant- and animal-derived hydrogels. The flow appears to be driven by a...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba0941
更新日期:2020-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in permafrost across the high-latitude/altitude Northern Hemisphere represents an important potential carbon source under future warming. Here, we provide a comprehensive investigation on the spatiotemporal dynamics of SOC over the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau (TP), which has received...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz3513
更新日期:2020-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::Presently, the Indian Ocean (IO) resides in a climate state that prevents strong year-to-year climate variations. This may change under greenhouse warming, but the mechanisms remain uncertain, thus limiting our ability to predict future changes in climate extremes. Using climate model simulations, we uncover the emerg...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay7684
更新日期:2020-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::Sustainable structural materials with light weight, great thermal dimensional stability, and superb mechanical properties are vitally important for engineering application, but the intrinsic conflict among some material properties (e.g., strength and toughness) makes it challenging to realize these performance indexes...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz1114
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been attracting intensive attention because of their commendable potential in many applications. Postsynthetic modification for redesigning chemical characteristics and pore structures can greatly improve performance and expand functionality of MOF materials. Here, we develop a ver...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax7270
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxins efficiently deliver cargo to cells by binding to cell surface ligands, initiating endocytosis, and escaping the endolysosomal pathway into the cytoplasm. We took advantage of this delivery pathway by conjugating an attenuated diphtheria toxin to siRNA, thereby achieving gene downregulation in patient-derived gl...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz4848
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Topological superconductors are exotic phases of matter featuring robust surface states that could be leveraged for topological quantum computation. A useful guiding principle for the search of topological superconductors is to relate the topological invariants with the behavior of the pairing order parameter on the n...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz8367
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smart materials that are capable of memorizing a temporary shape, and morph in response to a stimulus, have the potential to revolutionize medicine and robotics. Here, we introduce an innovative method to program protein hydrogels and to induce shape changes in aqueous solutions at room temperature. We demonstrate our...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba6112
更新日期:2020-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Adoptive cell transfers have emerged as a disruptive approach to treat disease in a manner that is more specific than using small-molecule drugs; however, unlike traditional drugs, cells are living entities that can alter their function in response to environmental cues. In the present study, we report an engineered p...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz6579
更新日期:2020-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Viscosity of fluids is strongly system dependent, varies across many orders of magnitude, and depends on molecular interactions and structure in a complex way not amenable to first-principles theories. Despite the variations and theoretical difficulties, we find a new quantity setting the minimal kinematic viscosity o...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba3747
更新日期:2020-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::The Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law has been tested in numerous solids, but the extent of its relevance to the anomalous transverse transport and the topological nature of the wave function, remains an open question. Here, we present a study of anomalous transverse response in the noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn3Ge extended ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz3522
更新日期:2020-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Natively paired sequencing (NPS) of B cell receptors [variable heavy (VH) and light (VL)] and T cell receptors (TCRb and TCRa) is essential for the understanding of adaptive immunity in health and disease. Despite many recent technical advances, determining the VH:VL or TCRb:a repertoire with high accuracy and through...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay9093
更新日期:2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::The locally accumulated damage by tropical cyclones (TCs) can intensify substantially when these cyclones move more slowly. While some observational evidence suggests that TC motion might have slowed significantly since the mid-20th century (1), the robustness of the observed trend and its relation to anthropogenic wa...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz7610
更新日期:2020-04-22 00:00:00